<\/p>\n
“Kilimancaro \u2013 \u0259b\u0259di qarlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc 5895 metr y\u00fcks\u0259klikd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n uca da\u011f silsil\u0259si olub Afrikan\u0131n \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00f6qt\u0259sidir. Masai q\u0259bil\u0259si onun q\u0259rb zirv\u0259sini “Nqaye-Nqaya”, y\u0259ni “Tanr\u0131n\u0131n evi” adland\u0131r\u0131r. Zirv\u0259nin \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 soyuqdan donmu\u015f b\u0259birin c\u0259s\u0259di var. B\u0259biri bu y\u00fcks\u0259kliy\u0259 n\u0259yin \u00e7\u0259kib g\u0259tirdiyini he\u00e7 kim izah ed\u0259 bilmir…”
\n\u2013 Ernest Heminquey, “Kilimancaronun qarlar\u0131”<\/p>\n
G\u00f6rk\u0259mli amerikal\u0131 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n “Kilimancaronun qarlar\u0131” (The Snows of Kilimanjaro) adl\u0131 hekay\u0259sinin giri\u015find\u0259ki bu s\u00f6zl\u0259r t\u0259sad\u00fcfi bir t\u0259svir deyil. Bu epiqraf \u00e7ox g\u00fccl\u00fc bir simvolik konstruksiyad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kilimancaro geoloji olaraq s\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f vulkan kompleksidir. Qarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc zirv\u0259si tropik Afrikan\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc-\u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 bir paradoksdur: istiliyin i\u00e7ind\u0259 donmu\u015f safl\u0131q. Onun Masai mifologiyas\u0131nda “Tanr\u0131n\u0131n evi” adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da bu paradoksu tamamlay\u0131r: zirv\u0259 ilahi m\u0259kand\u0131r, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnya is\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yat.<\/p>\n
Heminqueyin m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m ideyas\u0131 da el\u0259 bunun i\u00e7ind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n
B\u0259bir instinktiv olaraq a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, isti iqlimd\u0259 ya\u015famal\u0131 olan heyvand\u0131r. Amma o, m\u00fc\u0259mmal\u0131 bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 zirv\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r qalx\u0131r v\u0259 orada \u00f6l\u00fcr. Bunu \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 oxumaq olar:<\/p>\n
1. Ambisiya v\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259din a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131B\u0259bir \u00f6z t\u0259bii m\u00fchitind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b. Bu, insan\u0131n \u00f6z imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmaq ist\u0259yinin metaforas\u0131d\u0131r. Amma n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 zirv\u0259 f\u0259th olunur, h\u0259yat is\u0259 sonlan\u0131r. Y\u0259ni zirv\u0259 h\u0259r zaman “q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259” dem\u0259k deyil.<\/p>\n
2. Safl\u0131q v\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259 kontrast\u0131\u018fs\u0259rin q\u0259hr\u0259man\u0131 Harry m\u0259n\u0259vi \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u0259 i\u00e7ind\u0259dir; b\u0259bir is\u0259 zirv\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xma\u011fa nail olub, t\u0259miz, soyuq, toxunulmam\u0131\u015f bir m\u0259kanda \u00f6l\u00fcb. Hekay\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn iki f\u0259rqli formas\u0131na vur\u011fu edilir: biri fiziki, amma “t\u0259miz”; dig\u0259ri is\u0259 bioloji olaraq sa\u011f olub daxild\u0259n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u0259r\u0259k.<\/p>\n
3. \u0130zah olunmayan motivHeminquey b\u0259birin o y\u00fcks\u0259kliy\u0259 n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qalxd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 demir, “he\u00e7 kim izah ed\u0259 bilmir” yazmaqla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nir. H\u0259tta ipucu da vermir. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0259rarlar \u00e7ox vaxt rasional izahdan k\u0259narda qal\u0131r; insan\u0131n zirv\u0259y\u0259 varmas\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259dsiz g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u0259 d\u0259 izahs\u0131z deyil.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6y\u00fck hekay\u0259 ustas\u0131 izah\u0131n\u0131 verm\u0259yib k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259rk\u0259n bunu deyir: insan iki c\u00fcr \u00f6l\u00fcr \u2014 zirv\u0259y\u0259 qalxaraq, m\u0259nal\u0131 lakin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259; ya da a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da qalaraq, t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz amma daxild\u0259n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcy\u0259r\u0259k. Heminquey birincini daha h\u0259qiqi hesab edir. B\u0259birin o qarl\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259kliy\u0259 niy\u0259 qalxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmir, amma bir \u015fey a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkard\u0131r: o, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da qalmaq ist\u0259m\u0259di\u2026<\/p>\n
Ernest Heminqueyin 1936-c\u0131 ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu hekay\u0259 d\u00fcnya \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n klassik n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir v\u0259 m\u0259nc\u0259, h\u0259r k\u0259s oxumal\u0131d\u0131r. Hekay\u0259nin m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 \u00f6lm\u0259k \u00fczr\u0259 olan yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131 Harry dayan\u0131r. O, istedad\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 arzular\u0131n\u0131 l\u00fcks, rahatl\u0131q v\u0259 t\u0259nb\u0259llik u\u011frunda f\u0259da etmi\u015fdir; \u00f6l\u00fcm aya\u011f\u0131nda is\u0259 bu ger\u00e7\u0259yi anlama\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bu s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259r oxucunu \u00f6z\u00fc haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir. Harry \u00f6l\u00fcm qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda maskan\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r \u2013 n\u0259 b\u0259han\u0259 axtar\u0131r, n\u0259 d\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259kd\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131r. Heminquey g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, insan \u0259n \u00e7ox g\u00fczg\u00fcd\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131r. Harry yazmaq ist\u0259diyi onlarca hekay\u0259 oldu\u011funu, amma yazmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlay\u0131r. Bu, istedad\u0131n h\u0259d\u0259r getm\u0259sinin \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc \u0259d\u0259bi obrazlar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk m\u0259tbuat\u0131nda “\u00d6lm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259si i\u015fl\u0259r” maraql\u0131 bir rubrika var. \u00d6lm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259si yerl\u0259r, \u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 izl\u0259n\u0259si filml\u0259r, \u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 oxunmal\u0131 kitablar… “Kilimancaronun qarlar\u0131” da m\u0259hz bel\u0259 oxunmal\u0131 kitablardand\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n
Bu \u0259s\u0259rin ekranla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 da \u00f6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn sevimlil\u0259ri s\u0131ras\u0131nda idi. 1952-ci ild\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f film hekay\u0259nin tam kanonik ekranla\u015fd\u0131rmas\u0131 say\u0131lmasa da \u00e7ox populyar oldu.<\/p>\n
Film nominal olaraq Heminqueyin hekay\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259saslansa da orijinal \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259ki qat\u0131 ekzistensial x\u0259tt yum\u015fald\u0131l\u0131b. Rejissor Henri King ekran \u0259s\u0259rini daha \u00e7ox romantik drama v\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f xatir\u0259l\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurub; bununla da Heminqueyin qaranl\u0131q, fatalist tonundan uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, Kingin filmi klassik Hollywood adaptasiyas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ekran \u0259s\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 t\u00f6vsiyy\u0259 edir\u0259m. Ba\u015f roldak\u0131 Qreqori Pek, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259fsan\u0259vi Ava Gardner v\u0259 Syuzen Heyvord m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259ldirl\u0259r. Afrikada \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f geni\u015f planlar o d\u00f6vr \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi istehsal s\u0259viyy\u0259si say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131; r\u0259ngli kinematoqrafiyan\u0131n erk\u0259n u\u011furlu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr\u0259m. Vizual bax\u0131mdan epik mac\u0259ra hissi yarad\u0131r. Amma…<\/p>\n
Heminqueyin m\u0259tnind\u0259ki \u00f6l\u00fcm qa\u00e7\u0131lmazd\u0131r, h\u0259yat\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131zl\u0131q riski is\u0259 filmd\u0259 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b \u2013 insan xilas ola bilir, emosional ba\u011flar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0259kilib. Y\u0259ni \u0259d\u0259biyyat s\u0259rt tonundan s\u0131yr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, daha “sat\u0131lan” bir versiyaya \u00e7evrilib.<\/p>\n
Bu yaz\u0131ya “donmu\u015f b\u0259bir” metaforas\u0131ndan ba\u015flad\u0131m. Heminqueyin n\u0259h\u0259ngliyini onun q\u0259d\u0259r he\u00e7 n\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rmir. T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, Hollivud bu metaforan\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tam ekrana da\u015f\u0131ya bilm\u0259yib.<\/p>\n
Film \u00f6z d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda u\u011furludur, amma Heminqueyin zirv\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7atm\u0131r. G\u00f6rk\u0259mli yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259z\u0259m\u0259tini onun \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz hekay\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
M\u00fc\u0259llif: \u0130brahim N\u0259bio\u011flu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n M\u0259nb\u0259: Az\u0259rbaycan.media<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" “Kilimancaro \u2013 \u0259b\u0259di qarlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc 5895 metr y\u00fcks\u0259klikd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n uca da\u011f silsil\u0259si olub Afrikan\u0131n \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k n\u00f6qt\u0259sidir. Masai q\u0259bil\u0259si onun q\u0259rb zirv\u0259sini “Nqaye-Nqaya”, y\u0259ni “Tanr\u0131n\u0131n evi” adland\u0131r\u0131r. Zirv\u0259nin \u0259n… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":537,"featured_media":77575,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dbiyyat","category-manset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77574","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/537"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=77574"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77574\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77579,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77574\/revisions\/77579"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/77575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=77574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=77574"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=77574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}