{"id":66355,"date":"2026-01-09T22:01:21","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T18:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/?p=66355"},"modified":"2026-01-09T22:05:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T18:05:52","slug":"poema-janrinin-bugunku-durumu-%c9%99n%c9%99n%c9%99d%c9%99n-muasirliy%c9%99-uzanan-problemli-yol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/?p=66355","title":{"rendered":"Poema janr\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumu: \u0259n\u0259n\u0259d\u0259n m\u00fcasirliy\u0259 uzanan problemli yol"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Poema janr\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumu: \u0259n\u0259n\u0259d\u0259n m\u00fcasirliy\u0259 uzanan problemli yol<\/strong><\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan.media<\/strong><\/span> x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, poema janr\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda apar\u0131lan son geni\u015f m\u00fczakir\u0259nin 1977-ci il\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etm\u0259si (\u201cPoema: axtar\u0131\u015flar, perspektivl\u0259r\u201d, \u018fd\u0259biyyat v\u0259 inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t q\u0259zeti<\/em>, 29 oktyabr 1977) Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259bi-m\u0259d\u0259ni yadda\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc faktd\u0131r. Aradan ke\u00e7\u0259n onillikl\u0259r bu janr\u0131n sanki \u201cs\u0259ssizliy\u0259 m\u0259hkum edildiyi\u201d t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcrat\u0131n\u0131 yarad\u0131r. Tarixi k\u00f6kl\u0259ri Xaqaninin \u201cM\u0259dain x\u0259rab\u0259l\u0259ri\u201dnd\u0259n ba\u015flayan, Nizami v\u0259 F\u00fczuli epoxalar\u0131nda zirv\u0259y\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259n, XX \u0259srd\u0259 A.S\u0259hh\u0259t, M.Hadi, H.Cavid, daha sonra R.Rza, \u018f.K\u0259rim, S.Vur\u011fun, B.Vahabzad\u0259, M.Araz v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda intellektual-estetik manevrl\u0259rl\u0259 z\u0259nginl\u0259\u015f\u0259n poema bu g\u00fcn niy\u0259 az xat\u0131rlan\u0131r?<\/p>\n

\u0130lk bax\u0131\u015fda \u201cpoema yoxdur\u201d q\u0259na\u0259ti formala\u015fsa da, d\u0259rin bax\u0131\u015f g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, problem janr\u0131n yoxlu\u011funda deyil, onun m\u00fczakir\u0259 v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirilm\u0259 mexanizml\u0259rinin z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259sind\u0259dir. 1980-ci ill\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u201c\u018fd\u0259bi proses\u201d m\u0259cmu\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Y.Qarayev, \u015e.Salmanov, \u015e.Al\u0131\u015fanl\u0131n\u0131n problematik m\u0259ruz\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n sonra poema janr\u0131 \u0259d\u0259bi yekunlar\u0131n k\u0259nar\u0131nda qal\u0131b. Halbuki janr\u0131n yenid\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259, probleml\u0259rinin sistemli t\u0259hlilin\u0259 ciddi ehtiyac var.<\/p>\n

Janr\u0131n geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri<\/h3>\n

M\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, son 30\u201340 ild\u0259 poema janr\u0131na m\u00fcraci\u0259t xeyli azal\u0131b. Bunun \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri g\u0259nc yazarlar\u0131n daha \u00e7ox roman janr\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259lm\u0259sidir. G\u0259nc m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u015feird\u0259n sonra iri forma axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xaraq poemaya deyil, birba\u015fa romana \u00fcz tuturlar. Halbuki fikir geni\u015fliyinin poetik ifad\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn poema h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259lveri\u015fli imkanlar t\u0259qdim edir.<\/p>\n

Dig\u0259r m\u00fch\u00fcm problem lirizmin epik t\u0259sviri \u00fcst\u0259l\u0259m\u0259sidir. S\u00fcjetli, xarakterli poemalar dem\u0259k olar ki, azal\u0131b, yerini poema-monoloq, poema-dialoq, s\u00fcjetsiz poema formalar\u0131 al\u0131b. Bu meyl t\u0259kc\u0259 son ill\u0259rin deyil, h\u0259l\u0259 1970-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunan prosesin davam\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 f\u0259rdin, \u015fair \u201cm\u0259n\u201dinin \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

M\u00f6vzu dair\u0259si v\u0259 n\u0259sill\u0259r f\u0259rqi<\/h3>\n

Bu g\u00fcn poema janr\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n orta v\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u0259sil \u015fairl\u0259r m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir. Onlar\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Qaraba\u011f d\u0259rdi, yurd nisgili, \u015f\u0259hid obrazlar\u0131, Xocal\u0131 faci\u0259si apar\u0131c\u0131 m\u00f6vzular kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir. \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r Salahzad\u0259nin \u201cXocal\u0131 x\u0259cill\u0259ri\u201d, Fikr\u0259t Qocan\u0131n \u201c\u015e\u0259hidl\u0259r Xiyaban\u0131\u201d, Z\u0259limxan Yaqubun \u201c\u015eu\u015fa\u201d, \u018fdal\u0259t \u018fsg\u0259ro\u011flunun \u201cXocam, Xocal\u0131\u201d, Musa \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259rlinin \u201cM\u00fcbariz\u201d v\u0259 dig\u0259r poemalar bu x\u0259ttin davam\u0131d\u0131r. Bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 q\u0259hr\u0259manl\u0131q kultu, m\u00fcbarizlik ruhu v\u0259 milli a\u011fr\u0131 apar\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u018fdal\u0259t \u018fsg\u0259ro\u011flunun \u201cXocam, Xocal\u0131\u201d poemas\u0131nda Xocal\u0131 ziyal\u0131 obraz\u0131 kimi t\u0259qdim olunur, onun faci\u0259si m\u0259n\u0259vi a\u015f\u0131nman\u0131n simvoluna \u00e7evrilir. Z\u0259limxan Yaqubun \u201c\u015eu\u015fa \u015fik\u0259st\u0259si\u201d is\u0259 iyirmi ild\u0259n art\u0131q zaman ke\u00e7m\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq \u015eu\u015fa a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 nec\u0259 diri qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n

F\u0259ls\u0259fi v\u0259 simvolik axtar\u0131\u015flar<\/h3>\n

Son ill\u0259rd\u0259 qan yadda\u015f\u0131, tarixi unutqanl\u0131q v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi deqradasiya m\u00f6vzular\u0131 poemalarda g\u00fccl\u0259nib. Saday \u015e\u0259k\u0259rlinin \u201cL\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015f c\u0259nn\u0259t\u201d, Fikr\u0259t Qocan\u0131n \u201cC\u0259nn\u0259td\u0259n qovulanlar\u201d, Balayar Sadiqin \u201cQan\u201d, \u201cYol\u201d, \u201cBa\u015fda\u015f\u0131\u201d, \u201cBir ovuc yadda\u015f torpa\u011f\u0131\u201d poemalar\u0131 bu q\u0259bild\u0259ndir. Bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 mifoloji v\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259fi simvollar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 m\u00fcasir insan\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259vi b\u00f6hran\u0131 ifad\u0259 olunur.<\/p>\n

Balayar Sadiqin poemalar\u0131nda metaforik y\u00fck g\u00fccl\u00fc olsa da, b\u0259z\u0259n assosiativ p\u0259rak\u0259nd\u0259lik b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u0259 mane olur. Buna baxmayaraq, \u201cBir ovuc yadda\u015f torpa\u011f\u0131\u201d v\u0259 \u201cZindan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri\u201d epik-lirik v\u0259hd\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7ilir.<\/p>\n

Tarixi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 poema-ithaflar<\/h3>\n

\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f poeziyada poema-ithaf janr\u0131 da geni\u015f yay\u0131l\u0131b. Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev\u0259, Xudu M\u0259mm\u0259dova, Bab\u0259k\u0259, \u00c7ingiz Aytmatova v\u0259 dig\u0259r tarixi-m\u0259d\u0259ni \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r milli yadda\u015f\u0131 diri saxlamaq m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Elxan Zal Qaraxanl\u0131n\u0131n \u201cAn\u0131t M\u0259zar dastan\u0131\u201d, E.\u0130sk\u0259nd\u0259rzad\u0259nin \u201cBu qala bizim qala\u201d poemalar\u0131 bu bax\u0131mdan diqq\u0259t\u0259layiqdir.<\/p>\n

Postmodern yana\u015fmalar<\/h3>\n

Kamal Abdullan\u0131n \u201cNar \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259ri\u201d kitab\u0131nda yer alan \u201cD\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d motivli poemalar is\u0259 postmodern estetikada poema janr\u0131n\u0131n yeni imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u0130ntertekstuall\u0131q, fl\u0259\u015fb\u0259k, mifin yeni oxunu\u015fu bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin \u0259sas x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tidir.<\/p>\n

\u00dcmumi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r<\/h3>\n

Apar\u0131lan m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki:<\/p>\n

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    Poema janr\u0131na m\u00fcraci\u0259t azal\u0131b.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    S\u00fcjet v\u0259 xarakter z\u0259ifl\u0259yib, kollaj tipli m\u0259tnl\u0259r \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    M\u00f6vzu dair\u0259si \u0259sas\u0259n Qaraba\u011f v\u0259 milli a\u011fr\u0131larla m\u0259hdudla\u015f\u0131b.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    M\u00fcasir estetik-f\u0259ls\u0259fi t\u0259may\u00fcll\u0259r yet\u0259rinc\u0259 \u0259ksini tapm\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    Poetik dilin obrazl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 cazib\u0259si z\u0259ifl\u0259yib.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara baxmayaraq, poema janr\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u0259dbinliy\u0259 qap\u0131lmaq do\u011fru olmaz. Janr ya\u015fay\u0131r, sad\u0259c\u0259, d\u0259rin t\u0259dqiqata, sa\u011flam m\u00fczakir\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 yeni poetik n\u0259f\u0259s\u0259 ehtiyac duyur. G\u00f6zl\u0259nil\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259s\u0259r b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 art\u0131q yaz\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r \u2013 yet\u0259r ki, \u015fairl\u0259r bu q\u0259dim v\u0259 z\u0259ngin janr\u0131 ya\u015fatmaqda israrl\u0131 olsunlar.<\/p>\n

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    Elnar\u0259 Akimova\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    Milli M\u0259clisin deputat\u0131,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    YAP \u0130dar\u0259 Hey\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc,<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
    filologiya elml\u0259ri doktoru<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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    Poema janr\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc durumu: \u0259n\u0259n\u0259d\u0259n m\u00fcasirliy\u0259 uzanan problemli yol Az\u0259rbaycan.media x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, poema janr\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda apar\u0131lan son geni\u015f m\u00fczakir\u0259nin 1977-ci il\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etm\u0259si (\u201cPoema: axtar\u0131\u015flar, perspektivl\u0259r\u201d, \u018fd\u0259biyyat v\u0259 inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":66356,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[63,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dbiyyat","category-manset"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=66355"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66362,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66355\/revisions\/66362"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/66356"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=66355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=66355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/azerbaycan.media\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=66355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}